Condicional Simple
The Spanish Conditional Tense
Hypotheticals, polite requests, and reported speech
The Spanish conditional tense (el condicional simple) expresses what would happen under certain conditions. It is the equivalent of English "would + verb."
Like the future tense, the conditional is formed by adding endings to the full infinitive, and shares the same set of irregular stems.
Beyond hypotheticals, the conditional is essential for polite requests (Me gustaría un café), reported speech in the past (Dijo que vendría), and expressing probability in the past.
When to use the Conditional tense
- Hypothetical situations (si + imperfect subjunctive): Si tuviera dinero, viajaría por el mundo.
- Polite requests: ¿Podría hablar más despacio? (Could you speak more slowly?)
- Reported future in the past: Dijo que vendría a las tres. (He said he would come at three.)
- Wishes and desires: Me gustaría hablar mejor el español.
- Past probability or speculation: Serían las diez cuando llegó. (It was probably ten when he arrived.)
How to form the Conditional tense
-AR verbs
| Pronoun | Ending |
|---|---|
| yo | hablaría |
| tú | hablarías |
| él/ella | hablaría |
| nosotros | hablaríamos |
| vosotros | hablaríais |
| ellos/ellas | hablarían |
-ER verbs
| Pronoun | Ending |
|---|---|
| yo | comería |
| tú | comerías |
| él/ella | comería |
| nosotros | comeríamos |
| vosotros | comeríais |
| ellos/ellas | comerían |
-IR verbs
| Pronoun | Ending |
|---|---|
| yo | viviría |
| tú | vivirías |
| él/ella | viviría |
| nosotros | viviríamos |
| vosotros | viviríais |
| ellos/ellas | vivirían |
The same irregular stems as the future apply: tener→tendr-, venir→vendr-, decir→dir-, hacer→har-, etc. Endings (-ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, -ían) are added to either the full infinitive or irregular stem.
Common time signals
- si + imperfect subjunctive
- me gustaría
- debería
- podría
- quisiera
- en ese caso
- con más tiempo
- si fuera posible
Top 20 verbs in the Conditional tense
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Frequently asked questions
- What does the Spanish conditional tense mean in English?
- The conditional translates as "would + verb" in English. Hablaría = I would speak. Comería = he would eat. It expresses what would happen given a particular set of conditions.
- How is the conditional used for polite requests?
- The conditional softens requests considerably. ¿Podría ayudarme? (Could you help me?) is more polite than ¿Puede ayudarme? Me gustaría reservar una mesa (I would like to book a table) is more formal than Quiero reservar.
- What is the difference between the conditional and the imperfect subjunctive?
- In conditional sentences, the conditional appears in the main clause and the imperfect subjunctive in the if-clause: Si tuviera (imp. subj.) tiempo, lo haría (conditional). The conditional expresses the hypothetical result.
- Do the conditional and future share the same irregular stems?
- Yes — all irregular future stems (tendr-, vendr-, dir-, har-, etc.) apply identically to the conditional. Only the endings differ: future uses -é/-ás/-á; conditional uses -ía/-ías/-ía.
- Can the conditional express past probability?
- Yes — serían las diez cuando ocurrió (it was probably ten when it happened). This "conjectural conditional" works the same way as the conjectural future but refers to the past.